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                                    Bay Cat
                            
                
            
                
                
                
                    
                    
                
                
            
                
        
                
        
                
            
                
                
                
                    
                
                
                
            
                
            

            
                
                
                
                
            
                
        
                
    
                


                


    
                

                
	

	

	
                
		
                
			
			
		
                

	
                


                


                
    
                
    
    
                
        
                
            
                
                
                
                    
                
                        Bay Cat
                    
                
                
                
                
                
                    
                
                        
                
                            
                
                                                                    Bay Cat
                                                            
                
                            
                            
                
                                                                   Bornean cat, Bornean Red Cat, Bornean Bay Cat, Bornean Marbled Cat
                                
                            
                
                        
                
                        
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Kingdom
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Animalia
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Phylum
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Chordata
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Subphylum
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Vertebrata
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Class
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Mammalia
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Order
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Carnivora
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Suborder
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Feliformia
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Family
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Felidae
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                                                                        Genus
                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Catopuma
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                                                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            SPECIES
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        Catopuma badia
                                    
                
                                
                
                            
                
                        
                

                    
                

                                    
                
                        
                
                            
                
                                                                    
                
                                        
                Population size
                
                                        
                below 2,500 
                
                                    
                
                                                                                                        
                
                                        
                Life Span
                
                                        
                10-17 yrs
                
                                    
                
                                                                
                
                        
                
                        
                
                            
                
                                                                                                        
                
                                        
                WEIGHT
                
                                        
                3-4 kg
                
                                    
                
                                                                                                        
                
                                        
                LENGTH
                
                                        
                49.5-67 cm
                
                                    
                
                                                                    
                            
                
                        
                
                    
                
            
                
        
                
                
            
                

        
                
            
                The Bay cat is one of the world’s rarest and least-studied cats. These cats are so elusive that it was more than a century before researchers were able to study a live cat in detail. They have striking, rust-red colored fur, with white face stripes and white under the tail. Bay cats were officially named in 1874 based on a skull and torn skin that was sent to England by Alfred Russel Wallace, the famous naturalist. In 1992 when a Bay cat was captured, naturalists had their first chance to study one. Due to being so difficult to locate, researchers do not know much at all about how these cats live. The fact that the Bay cat is so hard to find is even more frustrating because it is listed as endangered by conservationists.
                
        
                
        
                
                            
                    
                No
                
                    Nocturnal
                                
                                        
                    
                Ca
                
                    Carnivore
                                
                                        
                    
                Te
                
                    Terrestrial
                                
                            
                    
                Cu
                
                    Cursorial
                                
                                                                            
                    
                So
                
                    Solitary
                                
                                            
                
    
                

                    
    
                
    
                
        
        
        
        
    
                

                
    
        
    
    


















    
    
                
    
    
                
        
                
                        
                
                
                
                    
                
                        
                Distribution
                
                        
                The Bay cat is found only on the island of Borneo. Dense primary forests and areas of rocky limestone are its habitat. It is sometimes seen near rivers and in highland areas.
                
                    
                
                
                
                                
                

                        
                
                            Bay Cat habitat map
                        
                

                
                
                            
                
                    
                
                
                
            
                Geography
                
            
                
                                    
                
                        
                
                            
                Continents
                
                        
                
                        
                
                                                            Asia
                                                    
                
                    
                
                                
                    
                
                        
                
                            
                Subcontinents
                
                        
                
                        
                
                                                            Southeast Asia
                                                    
                
                    
                
                                                    
                
                        
                
                            
                Countries
                
                        
                
                        
                
                                                            Indonesia, 
                                                                                                                            Malaysia
                                                                                                                    
                
                    
                
                                                                                                                                                                            
                
        
                
                            
                
                
                Biome
                
                
                
                    
                
                                                    
                
                                Tropical moist forests
                            
                
                                            
                
                
                
            
                
                            
                
                
                Climate zones
                
                
                
                                            
                
                            Tropical
                        
                
                                    
                
            
                
            
                

                    
                
    
    
                
        
                
            
                
                                    
                
                        Bay cat
                    
                
                            
                
            
                
                
                
                    
                Habits and Lifestyle
                
                                            
                There is very little information about the Bay cat’s biology, as observation of this animal in its natural habitat has not been possible. The secretive and nocturnal habits of bay cats, and also possibly their low numbers, may be important reasons for the rarity of sightings. Bay cats in captivity have either not lived long enough for their biology to be confirmed or no observations have yet been documented of their biology.
 
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                        
                
                                
                
                                    
                Group name
                
                                
                
                                
                
                                    destruction (wild cats), clowder, clutter, pounce 
                                
                

                        
                
                    
                
                                                    
                
                        
                
                            
                
                                
                Lifestyle
                
                            
                
                            
                
                                                                    Terrestrial, 
                                                                    Cursorial
                                                            
                
                        
                
                    
                
                                                            
                
        
                
    
                

                
    
                
        
        
                
            
                
                
                
                    
                
                        
                Diet and Nutrition
                
                        
                The diet of the Bay cat includes small rodents, carrion, birds, and monkeys.


                
                                                    
                
                                Diet
                                                                    
                                        Carnivore                                    
                                                            
                
                                                                    
                
                    
                        
                
                            
                
                            
                            
                            
                            
                        
                
                            
                                
                            
                        
                
                    
                
                
            
                
        
                
    
                
    
                
        
        
                
            
                
                
                Mating Habits
                
                
                
                    
                
                        
                
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                FEMALE NAME
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                queen
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                
                
                                                                                        
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                MALE NAME
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                tomcat
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                
                
                                                                                        
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                BABY NAME
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                    
                
                                        
                
                                            
                kitten 
                
                                        
                
                                    
                
                                
                
                                                                                
                
                    
                
                    
                
                        
                
                            
                Nothing is known about the reproductive behavior of Bay cats, as they are difficult to observe in the wild.
                
                        
                
                    
                
                
                
            
                
        
                
    
                
    
                
    
    
                
        
                
            
                
                
                
                                            
                
                            Borneo Bay Cat
                        
                
                                        
                
                                                    
                
                                
                
                                    
                Population Trend
                
                                
                
                                
                
                                    Decreasing
                                
                
                            
                
                                            
                
                    
                
                                                    
                
                                
                
                                    
                POPULATION STATUS
                
                                
                
                                
                
                                    Endangered (EN)
                                
                
                            
                
                                            
                
                    
                
                        ne
                        dd
                        lc
                        nt
                        vu
                        en
                        cr
                        ew
                        ex
                    
                
                
                
                
                
                    
                
                                                    
                Population
                
                            
                Population threats
                
                            
                Bay cats depend on the forest, and are threatened increasingly by habitat destruction in Borneo, following deforestation. Opportunistic trapping and hunting are also key threats, and smuggling also takes place.
                
                                                                            
                Population number
                
                            
                According to the IUCN Red List, the effective population size of the Bay cat is suspected to be below 2,500 mature individuals. This species’ numbers are decreasing today and it is classified as Endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List.
                
                                                                    
                
                
                
            
                
        
                
    
                

                
        
                
    
    
                
        
                
            
                Fun Facts for Kids
                
            
                  
                
                • The hair of the Bay cat on its nape, sides of its crown, cheeks and the front of its throat grows forwards instead of backwards.

                • The Bay cat is somewhat unusual-looking amongst wild cats, as it is the same size as a large domestic cat, but its tail is relatively long.

                • The Bay cat has two color variations: red-brown, which is more common, and gray-black. There is a dark M-shaped mark on the back of the head.

                • Some Bay cats have been seen up in trees, suggesting either that these cats are arboreal (living in trees) or agile climbers.

                • Bay cats are hardly ever caught on tape. After 5,034 nights’ recording, one photo only of a bay cat was recorded.

                • This species was discovered in the 19th century, but the first individual was not caught alive until 1992, a thin sick female.

                • Based on genetic and morphological evidence, the Bay cat is a close relative of the Asian golden cat and the Marbled cat.

            
                
        
                
    
                

                
    
                
    
                
        
        
        
        
    
                

                
    
                
        
        
                
            
                References
                
            
                
                                    
                
                        1.  Bay Cat Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_cat
                    
                
                                    
                
                        2.  Bay Cat on The IUCN Red List site - http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/4037/0
                    
                
                                    
                
                        3.  Bay Cat illustration - https://creazilla.com/nodes/64008-bay-cat-vector
                    
                
                            
                
        
                
    
                
    
                
    
    
                
        
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